# Science | Applications | Instrument Design > Discover the science, applications and instrument design behind the CRAIC Technologies innovations. Source: https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/ Discover the science, applications and instrument design behind the CRAIC Technologies innovations. **CRAIC Technologies™** employs the latest in science and technology to produce the instruments you need for your work. This is the portal that discusses the science, applications and instrument design of all of the CRAIC Technologies innovations. In it, we discuss UV-visible-NIR microspectroscopy, UV-visible-NIR microscopy, microscope photometry and Raman microspectroscopy. All of these solutions, and the science behind them, have applications in fields ranging from semiconductors, flat panel displays, biology, biotechnology, chemistry, physics and even forensics. ## The science What is happening in the sample and in the instrument. - [Science of Microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/science-of-spectroscopy/) The UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer is designed to measure spectra of microscopic areas or microscopic samples. - [Science of Micro Raman Spectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/raman-science/) When electromagnetic energy interacts with a material, it can either be reflected, absorbed, transmitted, or scattered. - [Algorithms Used for Microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/algorithms-used-for-microspectroscopy/) Transmittance calculates a transmission spectrum from a sample and reference single-beam spectra. - [Units for Microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/units-for-microspectroscopy/) Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Wavenumbers = 10 4 / Microns Wavenumbers = 10 7 / Nanometers ## Applications What the technique is used to find out. - [UV Microscope Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-microscope-applications/) Our UV microscope is expertly crafted to reveal the intricate features of microscopic samples through absorbance, reflectance, fluorescence, and emission across the… - [NIR Microscope Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/nir-microscope-applications/) The NIR microscope, also known as the SWIR microscope, is engineered to capture the intricate features of microscopic samples beyond the visible spectrum through… - [Micro Raman Spectroscopy Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/micro-raman-spectroscopy-applications/) Discover how micro-raman spectrometers are used to identify microscopic samples non-destructively. ## Instrument design How the instruments that do it are built. - [Microspectrophotometer Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-design/) The UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer is designed to measure the spectrum of microscopic areas or microscopic samples. - [UV-Visible-NIR Microscope Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-visible-nir-microscope-design/) The UV microscope and NIR microscope are designed to image in regions beyond the visible range. - [Micro Raman Spectrometer Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microraman-spectrometer-design/) Discover what the micro Raman spectrometer is designed for and why it is configured with different color lasers. - [Microspectrophotometer Operation](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-operation/) The UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer is expertly designed to measure the spectra of microscopic areas or tiny regions on larger samples. ## UV-vis-NIR Microspectrometers **[UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer](https://www.microspectra.com/product-service/129-microspectrophotometer/)**: an instrument designed to measure the UV-visible-NIR spectra of microscopic samples by transmittance, reflectance, polarization, fluorescence, and other types of luminescence. With specialized software, they can be used to measure thin film thickness, colorimetry and more. The following links have more information: - [What is a Microspectrophotometer?](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/what-is-a-microspectrophotometer/) - [Science of Microspectrophotometry](https://www.microspectra.com/technical-support/59-spectroscopy-science/) - [Spectroscopy Algorithms](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/algorithms-used-for-microspectroscopy/) - [Units Used in Spectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/units-for-microspectroscopy/) - [Microspectrophotometer Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-design/) - [Spectrophotometer Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/what-is-a-spectrophotometer/) - [Microscope Objective Types](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/what-are-microscope-objective-classes/) - [Microspectrophotometer Operation](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-operation/) - [Microspectrophotometry Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/solutions/applications/) - [Microspectrophotometry Solutions](https://www.microspectra.com/solutions/) - [UV-visible-NIR Microspectrophotometer](https://www.microspectra.com/products/2030-microspectrophotometer/) ## UV-vis-NIR Microscope Photometers **UV-visible-NIR microscope photometers**: an instrument designed to measure the UV-visible-NIR spectra of microscopic samples by transmittance, reflectance, polarization, fluorescence, and other types of luminescence. With specialized software, they can be used to measure thin film thickness, colorimetry and more. The following links have more information: - [The science behind the microscope photometer](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/) - [How a microscope photometer works](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-design/) - [Microscope Objective Types](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/what-are-microscope-objective-classes/) - [Units of Microscope Photometry](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/units-for-microspectroscopy/) - [Microscope Photometer Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-visible-nir-microscope-design/) ## UV and NIR Microscopes **[UV-visible-NIR microscopes](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-microscope-applications/)**: CRAIC Technologies UV and NIR microscope systems allow the user to image items that cannot be seen with commonly available microscopes that only cover the visible range. This capability is useful in diverse fields such as a protein crystal analysis for drug discovery to contamination control for semiconductors to imaging inside of bonded silicon devices. The following links contain more information: - [UV-visible-NIR microscope design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-visible-nir-microscope-design/) - [Microscope Objective Types](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/what-are-microscope-objective-classes/) - [Why use a UV microscope?](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-microscope-applications/) - [The CRAIC Technologies UV-visible-NIR microscope](https://www.microspectra.com/products/uvm-1-vis-nir-microscope/) ## Raman Microspectrometers **[Raman microspectrometer](https://www.microspectra.com/products/apollo-m-confocal-raman-microspectrometer/)**: an instrument designed to measure the Raman spectra of microscopic samples. The following links contain more information about CRAIC Technologies Raman microspectrometer solutions: - [The science of Raman microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/raman-science/) - [Units used in spectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/units-for-microspectroscopy/) - [Raman microspectrometer design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microraman-spectrometer-design/) - [Raman spectrometer design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microraman-spectrometer-design/) - [Microscope Objective Types](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/what-are-microscope-objective-classes/) - [How a Raman microspectrometer is used](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/micro-raman-spectroscopy-applications/) ## Micro-Colorimetry [Microcolorimetry](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/microcolorimetry/) is colorimetry of microscopic samples or the determination of color spaces of microscopic sample areas. ## Microspot Thin Film Thickness Measurement Thin Film Thickness Measurement: microspectrophotometers use interferometry to measure the thickness of films deposited on surfaces. This can be done either by transmission through the film or reflectance off of it: - [Thin Film Thickness Measurement Science](https://www.microspectra.com/support/learn/film-thickness/) - [Thin Film Thickness Measurement Software](https://www.microspectra.com/products/craic-software/microspot-film-thickness/) ## Pages in this section - [Algorithms Used for Microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/algorithms-used-for-microspectroscopy/): Transmittance calculates a transmission spectrum from a sample and reference single-beam spectra. - [Micro Raman Spectroscopy Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/micro-raman-spectroscopy-applications/): Discover how micro-raman spectrometers are used to identify microscopic samples non-destructively. - [Micro Raman Spectrometer Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microraman-spectrometer-design/): Discover what the micro Raman spectrometer is designed for and why it is configured with different color lasers. - [Microspectrophotometer Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-design/): The UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer is designed to measure the spectrum of microscopic areas or microscopic samples. - [Microspectrophotometer Operation](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/microspectrophotometer-operation/): The UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer is expertly designed to measure the spectra of microscopic areas or tiny regions on larger samples. - [NIR Microscope Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/nir-microscope-applications/): The NIR microscope, also known as the SWIR microscope, is engineered to capture the intricate features of microscopic samples beyond the visible spectrum… - [Science of Micro Raman Spectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/raman-science/): When electromagnetic energy interacts with a material, it can either be reflected, absorbed, transmitted, or scattered. - [Science of Microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/science-of-spectroscopy/): The UV-visible-NIR microspectrophotometer is designed to measure spectra of microscopic areas or microscopic samples. - [Units for Microspectroscopy](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/units-for-microspectroscopy/): Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Wavenumbers = 10 4 / Microns Wavenumbers = 10 7 / Nanometers - [UV Microscope Applications](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-microscope-applications/): Our UV microscope is expertly crafted to reveal the intricate features of microscopic samples through absorbance, reflectance, fluorescence, and emission… - [UV-Visible-NIR Microscope Design](https://www.microspectra.com/support/the-science/uv-visible-nir-microscope-design/): The UV microscope and NIR microscope are designed to image in regions beyond the visible range.