Clean energy could be verging on a revolution. In recent years, mainstream solar companies have invested increasingly significant sums in commissioning new pilot production lines. The goal is to realize commercial-scale manufacturing of novel perovskite solar cells.

Evidence as small as flakes of paint can be fundamentally important in forensic investigations. Every paint chip has its origin. So, by analyzing a paint chip, a connection can be made back to its starting point, which can provide vital evidence for forensics. Color analysis by microspectrophotometry is a critical technique for paint chip examinations. These analytical devices examine light absorption or reflectance spectra to determine the complete UV-visible-NIR spectrum of the sample. Beyond the exact color of the chip, it can also provide insights into its chemical make-up, age, and other attributes. From this information, it can be ascertained where the paint chip has come from and if it is of evidentiary value. 

Cosmic exploration holds a unique place in the human psyche. It routinely pushes the boundaries of our understanding, and also of our technical capabilities. Although astronomy is largely concerned with queries and observations on a vast scale, many key insights come from the smallest possible components. Often the intricate details of the universe's composition are hidden in the tiniest particles.

Ever wondered why a butterfly's wings shimmer with iridescent hues or a peacock's feathers display a dazzling array of colors? Unlike pigments, which absorb and reflect specific wavelengths of light, these vibrant tones arise from a fascinating phenomenon known as structural color. These colors are vivid, dynamic, and can display properties such as iridescence, changing appearance when viewed from different angles.